chapter 1

Tools

CodeView........................................................ 2

CVPACK......................................................... 3

EXEHDR......................................................... 3

EXP............................................................. 4

HELPMAKE...................................................... 4

H2INC........................................................... 6

IMPLIB.......................................................... 7

LIB............................................................. 7

LINK............................................................ 8

MASM.......................................................... 11

ML............................................................. 12

NMAKE......................................................... 14

PWB........................................................... 16

PWBRMAKE..................................................... 17

QuickHelp....................................................... 18

RM............................................................. 19

UNDEL......................................................... 20

Microsoft® CodeView® Debugger

The Microsoft® CodeView® debugger runs the assembled or compiled program while simultaneously displaying the program source code, program variables, memory locations, processor registers, and other pertinent information.

Syntax

CV [[options]] executablefile [[arguments]]

CVW [[options]] executablefile [[arguments]]

Options

Option	Action
/2	Permits the use of two monitors.
/8	Uses 8514/a as Windows display, and VGA as debugger display (CVW only).
/25	Starts in 25-line mode.
/43	Starts in 43-line mode.
/50	Starts in 50-line mode.
/B	Starts in black-and-white mode.
/Ccommands	Executes commands on startup.
/F	Exchanges screens by flipping between video pages (CV only).
/G	Eliminates refresh snow on CGA monitors.
/I[[0 | 1]]	Turns nonmaskable-interrupt and 8259-interrupt trapping on (/I1) or off (/I0).
/Ldllfile	Loads DLL dllfile for debugging (CVW only).
/K	Disables installation of keyboard monitors for the program being debugged (CV only).
/M	Disables CodeView use of the mouse. Use this option when debugging an application that supports the mouse.
/N[[0 | 1]]	/N0 tells CodeView to trap nonmaskable interrupts; /N1 tells it not to trap.
/R	Enables 80386/486 debug registers (CV only).
/S	Exchanges screens by changing buffers (primarily for use with graphics programs) (CV only).
/TSF	Toggles TOOLS.INI entry to read/not read the CURRENT.STS file.

Environment Variables

Variable	Description
HELPFILES	Specifies path of help files or list of help filenames.
INIT	Specifies path for TOOLS.INI and CURRENT.STS files.

CVPACK

The CVPACK utility reduces the size of an executable file that contains CodeView debugging information.

Syntax

CVPACK [[options]] exefile

Options

Option	Action
/HELP	Calls QuickHelp for help on CVPACK.
/P	Packs the file to the smallest possible size.
/?	Displays a summary of CVPACK command-line syntax.

EXEHDR

The EXEHDR utility displays and modifies the contents of an executable-file header.

Syntax

EXEHDR [[options]] filenames

Options

Option	Action
/HEA:number	Option name: /HEA[[P]]. Sets the heap allocation field to number bytes for segmented-executable files.
/HEL	Option name: /HEL[[P]]. Calls QuickHelp for help on EXEHDR.
/MA:number	Option name: /MA[[X]]. Sets the maximum memory allocation to number paragraphs for DOS executable files.
/MI:number	Option name: /MI[[N]]. Sets the minimum memory allocation to number paragraphs for DOS executable files.
/NE	Option name: /NE[[WFILES]]. Enables support for HPFS.
/NO	Option name: /NO[[LOGO]]. Suppresses the EXEHDR copyright message.
/PM:type	Option name: /PM[[TYPE]]. Sets the application type for Microsoft Windows®, where type is one of the following: PM (or WINDOWAPI), VIO (or WINDOWCOMPAT), or NOVIO (or NOTWINDOWCOMPAT).
/R	Option name: /R[[ESETERROR]]. Clears the error bit in the header of a Windows executable file.
/S:number	Option name: /S[[TACK]]. Sets the stack allocation to number bytes.
Option	Action
/V	Option name: /V[[ERBOSE]]. Provides more information about segmented-executable files, including the default flags in the segment table, all run-time relocations, and additional fields from the header.
/?	Option name: /?. Displays a summary of EXEHDR command-line syntax.

EXP

The EXP utility deletes all files in the hidden DELETED subdirectory of the current or specified directory. EXP is used with RM and UNDEL to manage backup files.

Syntax

EXP [[options]] [[directories]]

Options

Option	Action
/HELP	Calls QuickHelp for help on EXP.
/Q	Suppresses display of deleted files.
/R	Recurses into subdirectories of the current or specified directory.
/?	Displays a summary of EXP command-line syntax.

HELPMAKE

The HELPMAKE utility creates help files and customizes the help files supplied with Microsoft language products.

Syntax

HELPMAKE {/E[[n]] | /D[[c]] | /H | /?} [[options]] sourcefiles

Options

Option	Action
/Ac	Specifies c as an application-specific control character for the help database, marking a line that contains special information for internal use by the application.
/C	Indicates that the context strings are case sensitive so that at run time all searches for help topics are case sensitive.
/D	Fully decodes the help database.

Option	Action
/DS	Splits the concatenated, compressed help database into its components, using their original names. No decompression occurs.
/DU	Decompresses the database and removes all screen formatting and cross-references.
/E[[n]]	Creates (“encodes”) a help database from a specified text file (or files). The optional n indicates the amount of compression to take place. The value of n can range from 0 to 15.
/H[[ELP]]	Calls the QuickHelp utility. If HELPMAKE cannot find QuickHelp or the help file, it displays a summary of HELPMAKE command-line syntax.
/Kfilename	Specifies a file containing word-separator characters. This file must contain a single line of characters that separate words. ASCII characters from 0 to 32 (including the space) and character 127 are always separators. If the /K option is not specified, the following characters are also considered separators: !”#&’()*+-,/:;<=>?@[\]^_`{\}~
/L	Locks the generated file so that it cannot be decoded by HELPMAKE at a later time.
/NOLOGO	Suppresses the HELPMAKE copyright message.
/Ooutfile	Specifies outfile as the name of the help database. The name outfile is optional with the /D option.
/Sn	Specifies the type of input file, according to the following values for n:
		/S1	Rich Text Format
		/S2	QuickHelp Format
		/S3	Minimally Formatted ASCII
/T	During encoding, translates dot commands to application-specific commands. During decoding, translates application commands to dot commands. The /T option forces /A:.
/V[[n]]	Sets the verbosity of the diagnostic and informational output, depending on the value of n. The value of n can range from 0 to 6.
/Wwidth	Sets the fixed width of the resulting help text in number of characters. The value of width can range from 11 to 255.
/?	Displays a summary of HELPMAKE command-line syntax.

H2INC

The H2INC utility converts C header (.H) files into MASM-compatible include (.INC) files. It translates declarations and prototypes, but does not translate code.

Syntax

H2INC [[options]] filename.H

Options

Option*	Action
/C	Passes comments in the .H file to the .INC file.
/Fa[[filename]]	Specifies that the output file contain only equivalent MASM statements. This is the default.
/Fc[[filename]]	Specifies that the output file contain equivalent MASM statements plus original C statements converted to comment lines.
/HELP	Calls QuickHelp for help on H2INC.
/Ht	Enables generation of text equates. By default, text items are not translated.
/Mn	Instructs H2INC to explicitly declare the distances for all pointers and functions.
/Ni	Suppresses the expansion of nested include files.
/Zn string	Adds string to all names generated by H2INC. Used to eliminate name conflicts with other H2INC-generated include files.
/Zu	Makes all structure and union tag names unique.